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Nepal (100)
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
Nepal is lead of the world peace and love (“Nepal” means never end peace and love) Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India. With an area of 147,181 square kilometres (56,827 sq mi) and a population of approximately 30 million, Nepal is the world's 93rd largest country by land mass and the 41st most populous country. Kathmandu is the nation's capital and the country's largest metropolis.
Nepal has a rich geography. The mountainous north has eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including the highest point on Earth, Mount Everest, called Sagarmatha in Nepali. It contains more than 240 peaks over 20,000 ft (6,096 m) above sea level. The fertile and humid south is heavily urbanized.
By some measures, Hinduism is practised by a larger majority of people in Nepal than in any other nation. Buddhism, though a minority faith in the country, is linked historically with Nepal. Many Nepali do not distinguish between Hinduism and Buddhism and follow both religious traditions. There are three different Buddhist traditions: Himalayan Buddhism, Buddhism of Kathmandu Valley (mostly Mahayana and Vajrayana), and also the Theravada Buddhism.
A monarchy throughout most of its history, Nepal was ruled by the Shah dynasty of kings from 1768, when Prithvi Narayan Shah unified its many small kingdoms. However, a decade-long Civil War by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and several weeks of mass protests by all major political parties led to the 12 point agreement of November 22, 2005. The ensuing elections for the constituent assembly on May 28, 2008 overwhelmingly favored the abdication of the Nepali monarch Gyanendra Shah and the establishment of a federal multiparty representative democratic republic. The first Presi traditions: Himalayan Buddhism, Buddhism of Kathmandu Valley (mostly Mahayana and Vajrayana), and also the Theravada Buddhism.
A monarchy throughout most of its history, Nepal was ruled by the Shah dynasty of kings from 1768, when Prithvi Narayan Shah unified its many small kingdoms. However, a decade-long Civil War by the Cmunist Party of Nepal (Maoist) and several weeks of mass protests by all major political parties led to the 12 point agreement of November 22, 2005. The ensuing elections for the constituent assembly on May 28, 2008 overwhelmingly favored the abdication of the Nepali monarch Gyanendra Shah and the establishment of a federal multiparty representative democratic republic. The first President of Nepal, Ram Baran Yadav, was sworn in on July 23, 2008.
Fact about Nepal
Capital City: Kathmandu
Population: 27,133,000
Language: Nepalese & More than a hundred regional language
Currency: Nepali Rupee (Rs)
Religion: 80% Hindu,
Area:147,181 sq km
water: 4,000 sq km B
Calling Code: +977 uddh
Goverment: Interim Goverment
Topography: From the World's deepest gorge 'Kali-gandaki' to highest point of earth " The Everest" ist,
India (6)
India, officially Known as ‘Republic of India’ (in Hindi known as Bharat or Hindustan), is the seventh largest and second most populous country in the world. India is vast and has a huge population of 1 billion. At times it can feels as if the whole population is in the same place at the same time as you! You will become fascinated with India, its cultures, its people, and the continuous stream of activity going on around you.
India is bordered on the north by Pakistan, China, Nepal, and Bhutan; on the east by Bangladesh, Myanmar (formerly known as Burma), and the Bay of Bengal; on the south by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar (which separates it from India) and the Indian Ocean; and on the west by the Arabian Sea and Pakistan. At one point, ‘Lands End’ at Kanyakumari, three seas meet - the Indian Ocean, the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.
The sights, sounds, and scenery of India are unique and amazing with grandiose temples, lush paddy fields and stunning beaches. In the north, Shrub-land and desert create a sublime backdrop and a visit to the ‘Golden Triangle’ (Delhi/Agra/Jaipur/Delhi) will take your breathe away. It is divided into 26 states and 6 union territories, and has 17 major languages with 844 dialects, making this country and its people culturally diverse. Religion plays an important role in the life of the country, and is one of the few countries in the world which have such an ancient and diverse culture. Their arts and crafts are world renowned with sport being one of their favorite past times, and cricket still acting as one of the most popular activities.
RAJASTHAN:
Rajasthan is a dry and rugged environment, but one of the most beautiful settings in the world. With the Aravalli Hills (one of the oldest mountain systems in the world) splitting through the heart of the country, stretching from Mount Abu in the southwest to Kota and Bubdi in the east, it is a wondrous place. The capital of Rajasthan is the excellent and colourful state of Jaipur, founded by Raja Jai Singh II. It is part of the ’Golden triangle’ of Delhi-Jaipur-Agra’, and offers some magnificent buildings, and architecture. The Old City has a very enticing atmosphere, with its bazaars and palaces.
NORTH INDIA:
In the north you can trek in the foothills of the Himalayas, take boat trips on the Ganges River, stroll through forests and plantations. And you can't miss the Taj Mahal. There is something to suit everyone.
Delhi is culturally beautiful, and above all a historic city. Old Delhi contrasts with the formal New Delhi, whose wide boulevards are mesmerizing. The city is full of energy and colour, and bustles to live with its’ bazaars and Moghul architecture. It is a busy and bustling city, yet still retains a unique charm and elegant nature.
SOUTH INDIA:In the south you can explore quaint waterways, beautiful sandy beaches, and meander through forests and coconut groves. There are also the famous, awe-inspiring temples at Madurai (where the southern placements are situated) which should not be missed! And for a bit of cool relief, you can catch 'toy trains' to different hill stations such as Kodaikanal, which are dotted around this region.
Madurai or as it is known – the "city of nectar", is the oldest and second largest city within the state of Tamil Nadu. The city is located on Vaigai River and was the capital of Pandyan rulers till the 14th century. It is full of cultural diversity - a bustling city with plenty of activities going on. The Sri Meenakshi Sundareswarar temple is the centre of attraction for the town; with its mass of religious activities, and its surroundings of tailors and tourist shops to attract the big spenders. If you are after an overwhelming experience, then Madurai is a certainty for this!
Also, on the South- Eastern peninsular, The Maharajah's Palace near Mysore is stunning and a must-see place. The Palace is set in its own walled grounds, about the size of a small town, with a temple in each corner, complete with intricately carved towers. Inside the palace the rooms are beautiful, Moorish and neo-Saracenic, the scale is magnificent. Arched and vaulted with carvings everywhere, and the main reception area, facing south has beautiful painted ceilings and is open to the parade ground outside.
Fact Sheet:
Full country name: Republic of India
Area: 3,287,590 sq km (1,229,737 sq mi)
Population: 1,014,003,817
Capital city: New Delhi
People: 72% Indo-Aryan, 25% Dravidian, 3% other
Language: Hindi
Religion: 80% Hindu, 14% Muslim, 2.4% Christian, 2% Sikh, 0.7% Buddhist, 0.5% Jains, 0.4% other
India Info- Access to India
By air:
Bagdogra is the nearest airport 124 Km from Gangtok. Indian airlines and Jet airways operates flights from New Delhi and Calcutta & Guwahati. From Nepal Biratnagar and Bhadrapur are the nearest airports to the border town Kakarvitta, which is 154 Km from the capital town Gangtok.
Rail : New Jalpaiguri (NJP)
4 Kms away from the main city of Siliguri (NJP station) has regular trains from many parts of the country (Delhi, Calcutta, Varanasi etc.) Trains to Calcutta take about 8 –10 hours, to Delhi between 17 – 26 hours depending on the train.
By Road :
The road in the region is fairly good, passing through very picturesque tea gardens, forests and hamlets. With flowers lending added charm. Jeeps or small coaches are provided on your Tours. Distance chart is provided for your reference.
FROM TO Distance (Kms.) TIMETAKEN (approx)
* Bagdora Siliguri 13 ½ hr
* Bagdora Darjeeling 90 3 ½ hrs
* Bagdora Kalimpong 83 2 ½
* Bagdora Gangtok 124 5 hrs
* Bagdora Kakarbhitta (Nepal) 43km 1 hr
* Darjeeling Gangtok 5hr
* Darjeeling Pemayangtse 105 5hrs
* Darjeeling Kalimpong 53 3 hrs
* Gangtok Kalimpong 75 5hrs
* Gangtok Pemayangste 112 6hrs
* Gangtok Siliguri 114 5 ½ hrs
* Siliguri NJP (New Jalpaiguri) 4 15 min.
* Siliguri Phuntsholing (Bhutan) 150 3½hrs
* Kakarbitta (Nepal) Bhadrapur (Nepal) 1/2hrs
* Kakarbitta (Nepal) Biratnagar (Nepal) 3 hrs
* Gangtok Chhangu lake 40 2 hrs
* Yuksom Pemayangste 43 2 ½ hrs
Besides the entry permits, special permits, are required to trek in the territory of Sikkim. We will arrange your permits and for this we need your passport details including, the 2 PP Size photos must reach us at least with one week working days in hand along with your reservations. We prefer fully camping trek although some of the places, some resorts or trekkers huts are available. For the fully catered camping packages, horses/ Yaks will be used to carry luggage in Sikkim and porter too in Darjeeling. However some short treks can be done with accommodating this such of huts, where you will be accommodated, however tents will also be carried along in case of unavailability. All meals will be served fresh as practical.
India Info- Visa and Entry Formalities
Entry formalities (PERMITS)
Along with the Indian Visa, foreigners are required to obtain Inner Line permits for Sikkim, which are valid for 15 days at a time and can be extended for a further 15 days once in Sikkim. However no special permits are required for travelling to Darjeeling & Kalimpong. The permits are available at all Indian Missions / Consulates abroad and Sikkim Tourism Offices at Delhi, Calcutta, Siliguri and Gangtok. Recently Sikkim has introduced issuing permits at its’ border (in Rangpo) valid for 3 days. While applying locally you must provide 2 passport size photographs and photocopies of the passport pages with the copy of valid Visa. We advise you to obtain this before departing for India to avoid wasting valuable holiday time here.
Visa
Except for nationals of Bhutan and Nepal, all foreigners need to possess a valid Passport and obtain a Visa for visiting India. A Tourist Visa is valid for 6 months from the date of issue and is usually a 90-day visa. A Tourist Visa does not permit the holder to do business or academic or research work in India. Extension of tourist visa may be granted by the Foreign Registration Officer. Tourist staying for more than 90 days has to register themselves with the Foreigners Regional Registration Officer or the Superintendent of Police of the district within a period of one week from their arrival. They also have to report changes of address and any intended absence from the given address for 15 days or more.
Foreigners in India need to get special permits to visit various restricted and protected areas in some states.
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Bhutan (10)
Bhutan Information
The Kingdom of Bhutan lies in the eastern Himalayas, between Tibet to the north and the Indian territories of Assam and West Bengal to the south. The Kingdom has a total area of about 47,000 square kilometers. Located in the heart of the high Himalayan mountain range, Bhutan is a land-locked country surrounded by mountains. The sparsely populated Greater Himalayas, bounded to the north by the Tibetan plateau, reach heights of over 7,300 meters, and extend southward losing height, to form the fertile valleys of the Lesser Himalayas divided by the Wang, Sunkosh, Trongsa and Manas Rivers. Monsoon influences promote dense forestation in this region and alpine growth at higher altitudes. The cultivated central uplands and Himalayan foothills support the majority of the population. In the south, the Duars Plain drops sharply away from the Himalayas into the large tracts of semi-tropical forest, savannah grassland and bamboo jungle.
People of Bhutan
"When a Bhutanese draws his swords, the whole of the valley trembles". Strong hardy and well built the 1.5 million Bhutanese a peaceful, calm and placid people belie the martial traits that come naturally to them, archery is their favourite and traditional sport.
Early records suggest scattered clusters of inhabitants had already settled in Bhutan when the first recorded settlers arrived 1,400 years ago. Bhutan's indigenous population is the Drukpa. Three main ethnic groups, the Sharchops, Ngalops and the Lhotsampas (of Nepalese origin), make up today's Drukpa population. Bhutan's earliest residents, the Sharchops reside predominantly in eastern Bhutan. Their origin can be traced to the tribes of northern Burma and northeast India. The Ngalops migrated from the Tibetan plains and are the importers of Buddhism to the kingdom. Most of the Lhotsampas migrated to the southern plains in search of agricultural land and work in the early 20th century.
Bhutan's official language is Dzongkha. Given the geographic isolation of many of Bhutan's highland villages, it is not surprising that a number of different dialects have survived. Bhutan has never had a rigid class system. Social and educational opportunities are not affected by rank or by birth. Bhutanese women enjoy equal rights with men in every respect. To keep the traditional culture alive Bhutanese people wear the traditional clothing that has been worn for centuries. Bhutanese men wear a 'gho,' a long robe tied around the waist by a belt. The women's ankle length dress is called a kira, made from beautifully colored and finely woven fabrics with traditional patterns. Necklaces are fashioned from corals, pearls, turquoise, and the precious agate 'zee' stones which the Bhutanese call 'tears of the gods'.
Religion of Bhutan
Bhutan is the only country in the world to retain the Tantric form of Mahayana Buddhism (Drukpa Kagyu) as the official religion. The Buddhist faith has played and continues to play a fundamental role in the cultural, ethical and sociological development of Bhutan and its people. It permeates all strands of secular life, bringing with it a reverence for the land and its well being. Annual festivals (tsechus and dromches) are spiritual occasions in each district. They bring together the population and are dedicated to the Guru Rinpoche or other deities. Throughout Bhutan, stupas and chortens line the roadside commemorating places where Guru Rinpoche or another high Lama may have stopped to meditate. Prayer flags dot the hills, fluttering in the wind. They allow Bhutanese people to maintain constant communication with the heavens.
Way of Life
While urban settlements have sprung up with the process of modernization, the majority of Bhutanese people still live in small rural villages. The Bhutanese diet is rich in meat, dairy, grain (particularly rice) and vegetables. Emadatse,dish made of chili, cottage cheese and herbs) is considered, unofficially, the national dish with many interpretations to this recipe throughout the country. Meat dishes, mainly pork, beef and yak, are lavishly spiced with chilies, and it is common to see bright red peppers drying on rooftops in the sun. Salted butter tea, or suja, is served on all social occasions. Chang, a local beer, and arra, a spirit distilled from rice, maize, wheat or barley, are also common and widely favored. Doma or betel nut, is offered as a customary gesture of greeting. The Bhutanese way of life is greatly influenced by religion. People circumambulating the chortens with prayer beads and twirling prayer wheels are a common sight. Every Bhutanese home has a special room used for prayers - a chosum.
Festival in Bhutan
The festive time for every Bhutanese is the Tsechu celebrated at every Dzong (fortress) most of which were built in the 16th Century. The major events are Mask dance known as Cham, which take place for 3-4 days and in honor of Guru Rimpoche. Performed by both monks and laymen, the Bhutanese people would have witnessed 12 episodes by the end of the festival. It is a must for every Bhutanese to see and understand every dance as this gains you merit and brings you luck . It is also a time when people from all over leave all their farm work, dress in their best attires and jewellery and rejoice together.
Most of the dances were introduced by the Shabdrung and Terton Pema Lingpa in the 1600s. Some of the mask and costumes date back to the time the dances were introduced. The dances are done to perfection as the deities enter the performers body and then it is the deities themselves performing for the viewers. Most monasteries also have a festival, a combination of the Tsechu along with the local mask dances .
Tibet (11)
Tibet Information
A century ago, a visit to Lhasa took stamina, nerve and a good deal of luck. Isolated by formidable geographic barriers and guarded by its government, the Tibetan capital was truly a Forbidden City. Few Westerners met the challenge, but the tales they returned with tantalized the imagination of the world. Tibet was the epitome of all that was magical, mysterious and unknown.Today, visiting Tibet is considerably easier, but the adventure remains. Hidden behind the Himalayas and rising nearly five kilometers above sea level, Tibet is a land unlike any other, a magical realm of vast open spaces, clear light and pure color, dominated by an intensely blue sky. Two kinds of people live in this timeless setting: farmers settled in small villages who grow barley and other crops, and the roving nomads, drokpa, who wander the higher regions with their herds of yaks and sheep.Since the 8th century, Tibet has been devoutly Buddhist, merging influences from Indian Buddhism, Tantra, and the indigenous religion called Bon into a complex synthesis of beliefs. Tibetan Buddhism has inspired centuries of splendid art and architecture, serving as the cornerstone of Tibet's unique and highly developed culture.
A Visits to Buddhist monasteries and temples are an integral part of any journey to Tibet. Worshippers move slowly through dimly lit chapels, refilling flickering butter lamps. Faith manifests itself in many ways: flags printed with prayers for the wind to spread; main walls of flat stones engraved with mantra; chorten or symbolic monuments scattered across the countryside.
Tibetans are a deeply religious, open, spontaneous people, admirably good-humored and quick to joke. Visitors to Lhasa invariably marvel at the non-stop smiles. Traveling in Tibet is not always easy, but it rewards with glimpses of a land and life unlike any other.
People of Tibet
Tibetans share their region with Menpa, Luopa, Han Chinese, Hui, Sherpa, and a few Deng people. Tibetans are the main inhabitants on the plateau. Tibetans are optimistic and happy people.
Traditionally, farmers settled in small villages with barley as their main crop. The roaming nomads earned their living by herding yaks and sheep. Most Tibetans in cities made a living as craftsmen. However, nowadays more and more people are migrating into businesses. The Tibetan language belongs to the Sino-Tibetan phylum. People in U, Tsang, Kham, and Chamdo speak different dialects.
Most Tibetans are devout Buddhists while a few believe in the old Bon. Islam and Catholicism also have a few followers in Lhasa and Yanjing respectively. Since China's Family Planning program is not carried out among Tibetan people, the Tibetan population keeps growing. According to the census conducted in 2000, there are 2,616,300 people in Tibet, with Tibetans totaling 2,411,100 or 92.2% of the current regional population. The census also revealed that the Tibetan's average lifespan has increased to 68 due to the improving standard of living and access to medical services. Illiteracy has decreased to 850,700.
Currency:
The unit of currency is Yuan US $ 1=8 Yuan. Foreign currency can be directly use in Tibet travelers check and foreign currency in bank of China. You can with draw the cash with a credit card in bank of china.Insurance: Personal traveling insurance should be made by the client prior to arrival in Nepal. Full Insurance coverage particularly for trip cancellation and interruption is strongly recommended.
Climate & Weather:
Winter, spring, summer & autumn are major seasons. Winter from December to February Tibet Introduce it self a remote isolated country. Major highway, roads, trail cover the snow. Air China, Air China Eastern close its flight Schedule between mainland China and Kathmandu during winter. From end march to end of October, flight operates from mainland China and from Kathmandu to Lhasa. All tours in Tibet initiate from March to November. March and November Kathmandu to Lhasa, return to Kathmandu overland trip possible. From middle of May to the middle or end of September. In fact for the month before the monsoon hits, and for the month after it has officially receded, the weather patterns are similar, so the following applies nearly the whole time that we run trips. The monsoon washes over Tibet sometimes bringing brief showers of rain and lots of cloud but mostly the main Himalayan chain stops the real monsoon from reaching Tibet. Tibet is mostly fine for the whole year and it is very rare for it to be covered in thick cloud, rather big, fluffy clouds often in the afternoon. Sometimes these obscure views but often they don't, merely add to the whole panorama. If you would like to combine Tibet Tour and Nepal Tour at same time March April, May and October is recommended. June, July, August & September rains most of time in Nepal but in Tibet doesn't rain much.
Festival of Tibet:
Shoton Festival ( Fall in Lhasa).
In august when summer is at its height, the annual opera performances of Shoton(Yogurt Banquet) take place in Norbu Lingka( the summer place of Dalai Lama)many thousand peoples go to Drepung monastery to watch the large sized Thangka show displayed there.
Tibetan New Year
It is a traditional festival for Tibetans. On the first da of the Tibetan new year that falls in February /March entire population greet each other with the word TASHIDELEK( Good luck and happiness). And Losar Sang Happy New Years children let off fire crackers and everyone drinks Chang(barely beer) and butter teas, toasting each other and wishing every body well Both in the town and country side Tibetan Opera round dances and tap dances are performed while in Pastoral areas nomads sing and dances around blazing bonfires throughout the night various contest are held during the new year's Holiday such as wrestling, stone tossing, tug of war , horse races and archery.
Saga Dawa Festival
This is very important religious festival to celebrate Buddha's birthday, enlightenment and nirvana those are said to fall on the same date 15th April of Tibetan Lunar Calendar. The festival last from 1st to the 15th of April but off course the most important date is 15th.During the period of time, Tibetan walk three pilgrimage paths to commemorate the merits of Buddha Sakyamuni. How ever, it is also a merit for Buddha to donate money to beggars.
Nachu Kyagen Horse Racing Festival
This is the most important event for Tibetan nomads in the northern Tibet, the high altitude grassland. This festival takes place from August 10 to 16 th. In Nachu town,the capital of Nachu prefecture. During this time, there is always a fair trade, and Local song and dances performances are shown of course horse racing and archery are main festival.
Tibet Travel Information
This chapter provides full information for the visitors including the planning of Tibet trips, practical information and some Tibet travel tips. Through them, hope you can have a good preparation before your Tibet trip.
Travel Document:
Considering the special ethnic traditions, the cultural relics, the environmental protection and the transportation capacity of Tibet, Chinese Government regulates that non-Chinese citizens, including foreign tourists, Taiwan tourists and overseas Chinese must have a Tibet Travel Permit as well as a valid passport and a visa (Travelers from countries having visa exemption agreement with Hong Kong do not need a visa) to visit Tibet. A visa can be obtained from the local Chinese consulate in your country. However, the foreign journalists and diplomats are not allowed to go to Tibet as a tourist.
Who has to carry a Tibet Travel Permit?
1. The Taiwan tourists, who do not have the valid identity card of China
2. Non-Chinese passport holders
3. The overseas Chinese, who do not have Chinese passport
Note: The Hong Kong and Macau citizens who hold SAR passport, Home-Visiting Certificate or Permit to Traveling to and from Hong Kong and Macau do not need a Tibet
Travel Permit.
Since the government encourages group tours to Tibet, the permit is issued only to tour groups traveling with a Chinese tour operator. The Tibet Travel Permit is issued for free by China Tibet Tourism Bureau. Your travel agency will represent you to facilitate the application process.
For those overseas tourists want to travel to Tibet as an individual, the administrative offices of Tibet Tourism Bureau in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu (in Sichuan) and Golmud (in Qinghai) will answer for the related affairs.
Transpotation Transportation condition in Tibet has changed greatly since the liberation in 1951 when pack animals were the main mode of transportation in the region. Now highways and airlines are connecting it to other regions of China. Planes are by far the fastest means to move to the Roof of the World. There are two airports in Tibet while Gonggar airport connects Lhasa, hence Tibet, with Chengdu, Xian, Beijing, Chongqing, and even Katmandu and Hong Kong. There is no air route within Tibet at present. Traveling by air into Tibet will surely brings visitors unique and thrilling experience. Just imagine that you are above the world highest snow and cloud clad peaks! However, since planes travel fast and there is little time for acclimatization.
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There are five highways stretching into Tibet. Sichuan-Tibet Highway is the longest, 2413 kilometers (1496 miles) long, built in 1950 and opened for traffic in 1954. The roads ply the uneven terrain over 14 mountains which average 4000-5000 meters (13120-16400 feet) high, and over a dozen of famous rivers such as Lantsang River (Mekong). The climate along the road presents beautiful scenery ranging from spring to winter. However, the road condition is not good.
Qinghai-Tibet Highway starts from Golmud of Qinghai, the only road providing bus service among the five highways and the main road to travel Tibet. 1160 kilometers (720 miles) long and averaging 4000 meters (13120 feet) high, along Kunlun Mountains and vast grassland, which amaze people living in modern civilization, the bituminous road is the best road leading to Tibet.
Xinjiang-Tibet Highway starts from Yecheng in Xinjiang. It runs 1455 kilometers (902 miles), winding its way among fives mountains soaring more than 5000 meters (16400 feet) high above the sea level. A spectacular view of Mt. Kailash and Lake Manasarova overwhelm travelers while traveling along the road.
Yunnan-Tibet Highway spans 800 kilometers (492 miles) to reach Markham, a less beaten track by travelers.
Chinese-Nepalese Highway is another main road traveled often. It stretches 900 kilometers (558 miles) from Kathmandu to reach Shigatse and Lhasa.
Among the five highways, only Qinghai-Tibet Highway and Chinese-Nepalese Highway are open to foreigners at present. Inside Tibet, there are now regular buses shuttling between major towns.
The conditions of minor roads are only passable by jeeps. In Lhasa minibuses are the main transportation, charging 2 RMB per person. It is easy to hire a taxi which is painted verdurous and silver. The fare is 10 RMB no matter where the destination is within the city. Pedicabs are unique vehicles to look around the highest city in the world. Bikes can be easily hired at Lhasa at most hostels.
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Best Season in Travel
Access to Tibet
Tibet's border extends western south of China, north of Nepal, western & eastern north of India, east of Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and north Bhutan. NEPAL is a main gate way to enter main land Tibet using land transportation or flying to Lhasa from Kathmandu. Goverment of China has opened its border for Tourist to enter LHASA Capital city of Tibet solely from Kathmandu, Nepal & main land China. You can fly from Shanghai, Beijing, Chengdu and Kathmandu Nepal. Many tourists get in to Tibet driving from Kathmandu via Kodari Border and trekking from western north Nepal Simikot. From Simikot require about a week trekking to reach border.
Entering by Air & Land
China south west airline fly every Saturday and Tuesday from Kathmandu to Lhasa from April to November. You can fly from Chendu, Xian, Beijing, quinquing, Shanghai. Overland trip can be made from Kathmandu to Lhasa, Mount Kailash and can be enter from simikot western Nepal. Explore Tibet & Nepal trekking offers Group tour and individual tours from Nepal side and from Mainland China, fly in & out. One can start trip from Mainland China and end the trip in Kathmandu Nepal. Start trip from Nepal and end in Mainland China. November to may is low tourist Season , it is still good opportunity for tourists to get to know the land and people and its local folklores particularly in Lhasa , Shigatse, Lhoka and Nyingtri, The best time to visit Tibet is March to October best time; may June, September and October and April can be the golden .
Altitude Mountain Sickness and Treatment
An altitude over 3,000 meters (9,843 feet) is usually defined as high altitude. Since most places in Tibet are higher than this level, Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), also called Altitude Sickness is the biggest health risk to tourists in Tibet. AMS is common at high altitudes due to the decreasing availability of oxygen. Most people will experience differing degrees of symptoms at high elevation. The occurrence of AMS is dependent on the altitude, the ascent rate and individual physical condition. Symptoms of AMS include headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, shortness of breath, loss of appetite and disturbed sleep. Most people will experience one or more AMS symptoms upon their arrival in Tibet. The symptoms will usually gradually decrease in severity during acclimatization. Mild AMS usually will not interfere with mild activity.
However AMS can be very serious, with the most serious symptoms being High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) and High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), which can be fatal. Symptoms of HAPE include weakness, shortness of breath, even at rest, impending suffocation at night, and a persistent productive cough with white, watery, or frothy fluid. Symptoms of HPCE may include headache, ataxia, weakness, hallucinations, psychotic behavior, coma and loss of memory. Both approach and strike at night and can be fatal! Immediate descent is the surest treatment.
Before visiting Tibet, get as fit and healthy as possible, both physically and psychologically. Visitors having record of heart, lung, other organ problems or anemia should consult their doctor before making the decision to visit Tibet.
AMS can be lessened or avoided with proper acclimatization, which will also ease and reduce AMS symptoms. A gradual ascent will allow your body to acclimatize to higher altitudes and the decreased oxygen supply. Go no higher 300 - 400 hundred meters (984 - 1,312 feet) daily and have a rest after each 1,000 meter (3280 feet) ascent. Medication also helps to prevent AMS. Mild AMS symptoms can be treated with proper medication. If medication does not relieve the symptoms, go to hospital or evacuate immediately to safe altitude!
The following precautions may help to prevent or lessen the effects of AMS:
- Since fluid loss usually accompanies the acclimatization process, drink plenty of fluids (3 - 4 litres daily at least) and eat carbohydrate food to keep the body properly hydrated;
- Do not over exert and only partake in light activity immediate after your arrival;
- .Don't smoke, drink alcohol or take other depressants such as tranquilizers and sleeping pills. These will depress the respiratory drive and limit oxygen intake. Always keep in mind the following rules which will ensure a smooth and enjoyable trip to Tibet:
- Any sickness at high altitude is AMS until proven otherwise; · Never go higher with symptoms of AMS;
- iIt is significant that you report any symptoms of AMS immediately to other group members in the trip.
Tibet - Currency & Exchange
In Tibet, only US dollars can be accepted besides Chinese Yuan. Also shops that accept American currency are very limited and you might not be able to get a good deal for an exchange rate. Credit cards can only be used at some hotels. The Bank of China also accepts credit cards. ATM is not widely available. Exchanging your money to Chinese currency will be the best option for you, which can be done at the Bank of China.
As in the rest of China, Renminbi (RMB) is the legal currency in Tibet. Only the Bank of China offers foreign exchange services and facilities in Tibet and certain up market hotels . The Bank of China has a main office (0891-6835078) and several sub-branches in Lhasa, which all cash travelers' checks while only the main office offers cash advances on major credit cards (MasterCard, Visa, Diners Club and Amex). Its main office is located on Lingkhor Bei Lu 28, north of the Yak Statue and its hours of operation are 9:30 am -1pm and 3:30 - 6:00pm, Monday to Friday. Another convenient sub-branch lies on Beijing Dong Lu, between the Kirey Hotel and the Banak Shol Hotel. Its hours of operation are 9:30am-6:00pm, Monday to Friday, and 11am-3pm, Saturday and Sunday. The Bank of China Shigatse office, near the Shigatse Hotel, can provide travelers' checks exchange services also. Cash advances on credit cards are not available here. Zhangmu has two sub-branches also. Due to a lack of conversion outlets, visitors may have to change their extra RMB on the black market before their exit.
People of Nepal
Written by AdministratorNepal has a population of more than 28 millions inhabitants consisting of more than 100 ethnic groups having different cultures and spoken languages.
There are more than 30 languages and dialects. Nepali is the official language and English is understood and spoken by majority of people in Kathmandu Valley and other major cities.
Mainly, the inhabitants of Nepal have two different origins: some are from an Indian origin called Indo-Nepali and some are from a Tibetan origin called Tibeto-Nepali.
Nepal is a melting pot of religions which live together with much respect and tolerance. The main religion is Hinduism followed by more than 80% of the population. After come Buddhism (11%), Islam (4%) and many others.
Some Major Ethnic Groups Of Nepal:
The Chhetris are the most numerous, they represent 16.1% of the population. Chhetri people are from an Indo-Nepali origin. The have been traditionally classified as the warriors and the administrators of the country. Today they are distributed in almost all the parts of Nepal.
The Brahmins represent 13% of the Nepalese population. Brahmins are the highest cast in the country. They are the priestly class from Indo-Nepali origin.
The Newars are from a Tibeto-Nepali origin. They represent 5.1% of the Nepalese People but in Kathmandu Valley, their homeland, they are nearly 50%. These people are mainly traders, farmers or craftsmen. They are well known for their skills for architecture.
The Tharus are the only people living in the forests of the Terai. They are from Indo-Nepali origin and represent 6.8% of the Nepalese population.
The Gurungs are originally belonging to the Tibeto-Nepali. They represent 2.8% of the population and live at the foot of the high mountains of Himalaya. They are good farmers and, like the Rais, the Limbus and the Magars, they have introduced themselves as the brave Gorkha Soldiers.
The Sherpas are a minority of 0.7% but they have an international reputation as adventurous mountaineers. Sherpas are from Tibet, they speak the Tibeto-Burman language and live in the Himalayan region of Nepal. The largest Sherpa settlements are in Solu Khumbu at the foot of Mount Everest.
The Dalits are the untouchables, they are out of cast and represent 0.8% of the people. Dalits are involved in the degrading activities. Generally they are garbage collectors, blacksmiths, cleaners, cobblers...
Festivals of Nepal
A festival is always a meaningful event in Nepal where the people find more joy in participation than just watching. In Nepal every festival has some purpose to serve; such as to bring rain or to have good harvest, to honour a mother or father, to avert calamities or to nourish one's soul with something spiritual. In fact festivals are the best way to understand and appreciate the Nepalese way of life. We say that in Nepal there are more festivals than days in the calendar.
Navavarsha (April):
The Nepalese New Year's Day is known as Navavarsha. Nepal has its official calendar that begins from the first day of the first month Baisakh which usually falls in the second week of April. The day is observed as a national holiday.
Baisakh Poornima (April):
As Nepal is the birthplace of Lord Buddha, the Light of Asia, the triple anniversary of the Buddha's birth, enlightenment and death is observed with many colourful ceremonies on this day. People celebrate the occasion with great veneration paying homage to Buddha at places like Swayambhunath, Bouddhanath and Lumbini.
Red Machchhendranath Rath Jatra (May-June):
This festival is the biggest socio-cultural event of Patan. The wheeled chariot of a deity known as Bungdyo or Red Machchhendranath is made at Pulchowk and dragged through the city of Patan in several stages. The grand finale of the festival is called the "Bhoto Dekhaune".
Dumje Festival (May-June):
Dumje Festival is celebrated in all the Sherpa settlements. It celebrates and honours the anniversary of Guru Rinpoche's birth on the lotus flower. There is much dancing, drinking and merry making in addition to the more serious rituals and dances performed by the monks.
Gai Jatra (July-August):
Gai Jatra, popularly known as Cow Festival, is a carnival that lasts eight days. As per the tradition, the family who has lost a relative during the past one year must take part in a procession by sending young boys in cow like attire and walk through the streets of Kathmandu lead by a cow.
Krishnastami (July-August):
It marks the birthday of Lord Krishna. All the devotees assemble in Krishna Mandir, the Krishna Temple in Patan Durbar Square and other temples with the idol of Krishna and offer prayers, flowers, food, sweets and chant hymns too.
Teej Festival (August-September):
Teej is a Hindu festival celebrated by women. Dancing, folk songs and the red colour of women's wedding saris dominate the day of Teej. Women pay homage to Shiva temples where the married ones pray for a happy conjugal life and the unmarried ones for a good husband.
Indra Jatra (August-September):
The festival of Indra, the God of Rain, is observed with great enthusiasm in Nepal. The festival lasts for eight days. The chariot of Kumari, the Living Goddess, is taken through the main streets of Kathmandu with much fanfare. The festival is specially noted for the echoes of drums and dancing feet of the masked dancers.
Dashain Festival(September-October):
Dashain is the longest and the most auspicious festival in the Nepalese annual calendar, celebrated by Nepalese of all caste and through all the country. The Goddess Durga in all her manifestations are worshiped with innumerable pujas, abundant offerings and thousands of animal sacrifices.
Tihar Festival (October-November):
Known as the "Festival of Lights", Tihar is celebrated for five days and people worship Laxmi, the Goddess of Wealth. All the houses are cleaned and decorated with the belief that Goddess Laxmi will enter the house that is the cleanest and people lit candles and oil lamps. During the five days, crows, dogs and cows are worshipped and honoured with vermilion, garland and delicious food.
Mani Rimdu Festival (February):
It is a Sherpa dance drama performed in some monasteries in the Khumbu Region. The performers are monks and the occasion is highlighted by much gaiety and feasting. During the Mani Rimdu Festival we can observe the Lamas invoking the God of Compassion which assures the village a long life, peace and good fortune.
Lhosar (February):
Lhosar marks the New Year"s Day of the Lunar Calendar, it is often called the "Tibetan New Year". Lhosar is celebrated for 15 days with the main celebrations on the first three days. On the first day, a beverage called changkol is made from chhaang (the Tibetan beer). The second day is known as "King's Lhosar". On the third day, people and monks begin to celebrate and enjoy the festive season.
Maha Shivaratri (February):
Shivaratri or the night of Shiva is celebrated in honour of Lord Shiva. A great religious fair takes place in the Temple of Pashupatinath in Kathmandu and thousands of people from all over Nepal and India reach the temple to worship the God. On this day, marijuana is allowed.
Holi Festival (February-March):
Holi Festival is also called the "Festival of Colours". This day is observed to rejoice the extermination of female demon Holika who planned to kill Pralhad, an ardent devotee of Lord Vishnu. This day, people wander through the streets in groups on foot or vehicles with various colours smeared all over them and the people in houses make merry throwing colours and water balloons at each other and also to these people on the streets.
Ghode Jatra (March-April):
Known as the "Festival of Horses", it is one of the most exciting festivals of Kathmandu. A grand horse parade takes place at Tundikhel. Although this festival does not have much of religious aspects, a large number of people, even from outside Kathmandu flock around the capital to witness the horse race and other exciting sports activities performed by the army.
Formalities of Nepal
Health
No international certificates of vaccination regarding Cholera, Typhoid, Yellow Fever or Japanese Encephalitis is demanded but recommended.
Malaria represents a little health risk between June and September in the low plains of Nepal, including Chitwan National Park, but not in the trekking areas. The treatment is not compulsory.
Lastly, Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) can be developed at any altitude over 2000 metres if your body does not adjust with altitude. The early symptoms are headache, extreme fatigue and loss of appetite. To avoid that, your body needs acclimatization, so take your time. If not, the symptoms can lead to High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) or High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE). Being in a hurry while trekking in high altitude can be deadly!
Clothing
It is advised to bring warm clothing while travelling from November to February and tropical wear from March to October. Apart from this, your clothes would be adapted to your activity, trekking or tour, safari or rafting...
Entering Nepal
The capital city of Kathmandu is linked by both air and road.
International flights link the Tribhuvan Airport of Kathmandu with Delhi, Kolkata and Mumbai (India), Guangzhou and Lhasa (China), Hong-Kong, Dhaka (Bangladesh), Paro (Bhutan), Singapore, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Bangkok (Thailand), Abu Dhabi and Dubai (United Arabic Emirates), Doha (Qatar) and Bahrain.
By road, there are many entry points to Nepal but only seven are opened for foreigners. Six are on the Indian borderline: Kakarbhitta / Jhapa, Raxaul / Birgunj, Sunauli / Bhairahawa, Jamunaha / Nepalgunj, Mohana / Dhangadhi and Gadda Chauki / Mahendranagar. One is on the Chinese borderline: Kodari.
Visa of Nepal
No foreigner is allowed to enter into and stay in Nepal without a valid visa. The Nepalese Tourist Visa can be obtained in the different Nepalese Embassies and Consulates abroad and in the Immigration Offices located at the entry points in Nepal:
- the Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu
- the Panitanki / Kakarbhitta road entry point
- the Raxaul / Birgunj road entry point
- the Sunauli / Bhairahawa road entry point
- the Jamunaha / Nepalgunj road entry point
- the Mohana / Dhangadhi road entry point
- the Banbassa / Mahendranagar road entry point
- the Kodari road entry point
The Chinese citizens can only apply for a visa in Nepalese Embassy or others Nepalese Diplomatic Missions in China.
Foreigner who intends to visit Nepal must hold a passport whose the validity is at least six months.
If you choose to apply for your visa once you have reached the country, please provide one passport size photography and your air tickets which attest of your date of departure from Nepal.
Visa Fee for a Tourist Visa in Nepal:
- Multiple Entry for 15 Days = US$ 25 or equivalent foreign currency
- Multiple Entry for 30 Days = US$ 40 or equivalent foreign currency
- Multiple Entry for 100 Days = US$ 100 or equivalent foreign currency
If you want to extend your visa, it will cost US$2 or equivalent Nepalese currency per day of extension. An additional US$20 or equivalent Nepalese currency will be charged if you ask for a Multiple Entry facility for the extended period.
The extension is allowed up to 150 days maximum in a civil year.
The tourists with passports from a SAARC country (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) are not required to pay visa fee for 15 and 30 days.
Climate of Nepal
Written by Administrator
Nepal is organised in four climatic seasons: the Spring from March to May, the Summer from June to August, the Autumn from September to November and the Winter from December to February.The year is divided in two typical seasons: the monsoon or wet season runs from June to September and the dry season runs from October to May.During the monsoon, about 80% of the rain falls. This remains that the rest of the year is dry. This period is very important for agriculture.Summer temperatures range from 28oC in the hill regions to more than 40oC in the Terai.
The best moments to visit Nepal are Autumn and Spring in the dry season. When the monsoon ends, the countryside is green and lush and the clear weather allows to see the Himalayas from many places in the country. The Spring comes just after the Winter, the temperatures are still cool and the sun is always present.
During Winter temperatures can drop to freezing in some places. In Kathmandu Valley (1300 m), the temperatures range from 2 to 20oC.Since the last years, Nepal observes sometimes early monsoon and sometimes late monsoon. This causes a big problem for the crops and the stock of food for the rest of the year.Moreover, year after year temperatures become higher and higher. There is less snow on the mountains and some rivers, dependant upon the melted snow, are totally dry during the dry season.Definitely Nepal is victim of the Global Warming.
Tilicho Lake Trekking
Written by Administrator
Manaslu Trekking
Written by Administrator
Helambu Trekking
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KTM Chitwan Lumbini Tour
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Jomsom Muktinath Trekking
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Ghorepani Poon Hill View Trek
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Gokyo Lake View Trek
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Other Service from EETE
Junlge Safari in Nepal
River Rafting in Nepal
